The problem of personal identity among others may stem from the following question—what does be the person that you are, from one day to the next, necessarily consist of? The diachronic problem of personal identity raises question on the necessary and sufficient conditions for the identity of the person over time. The synchronic problem is grounded in the question of what features or traits characterize a given person at one time. To answer these questions, John Locke discarded the soul and the body as necessary and sufficient substances for personal identity over time. He accepted consciousness as the only criterion for personal identity; the only thing capable of remaining the same and preserving personal identity through change. Though Locke’s argument is somewhat clear and coherent but what remains vague and incoherent is embedded in the question—what exactly is consciousness? How and why should it be the basis or criterion for the determination of personal identity? Using the method of critical analysis, I argue that Locke’s choice of consciousness as the determinant of personal identity, though quite novel, is incoherent and vague. Secondly, Locke had already presumed and anticipated clearly though fallaciously the very thing he wishes to substantiate. I therefore conclude that Locke’s argument is just another way of trying to escape but inadvertently prolonging the difficulty of apparently articulating a distinction between the psychological approach and physiological approach to the problem of personal identity. However, in my submission, I propose the concept of the “other” as alternative approach— a sort of an extrinsic-intrinsic approach to the problem of personal identity.

The current research was conducted with the aim of the effect of attachment style on emotion regulation with the mediating role of identity style. The research method was descriptive and structural equation analysis. The statistical population of the research was all second year high school students of Kashan city in the academic year of 1400-1401, of which 500 people were selected by random cluster method. Data were collected based on three questionnaires: Gross & Jan (2003) Emotional Regulation Inventory, Identity Style Scale (6G-ISI) and Collins and Reid (1990) Attachment Style Questionnaire. The data are obtained by structural equation modeling and using Laserl 8.8 and 26 spss software. analyzed. Based on the results, secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01, avoidant attachment style at a significance level of 0.05, and ambivalent attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 directly predicted emotion regulation. Among the three attachments, secure attachment style predicted emotion regulation at a significant level of 0.01, with the mediation of identity styles. Informational identity style at a significance level of 0.01, confused identity style at a significance level of 0.05 directly predicted emotion regulation. Among the three attachments, only the secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 had a significant role in predicting the normative identity style. According to the results of this study, emotion regulation is one of the most important constructs of educational psychology and an important factor in determining mental health and successful performance. It is in education that the factors affecting emotion regulation and its antecedents should be identified. Planning for training and holding educational workshops in this field in schools is suggested for students.

Industrial heritage as a relatively recent phenomenon is the production of mid-20th century. The industrial heritage represents the culture, historical situation, processes, technologies and outstanding achievements of each region. Based on the value of contemporary architecture, It is necessary to protect them. Nowadays, the protection of industrial heritage has become an international challenge. One of the prerequisites of the protection of industrial heritage is recognizing their value and their position. Proper protection of industrial heritage needs to study and deep understanding it in a large- scale and recognition of the value of the heritage for conservation process, in a regional scale. However, these kind of buildings, due to the large-scale, locating in the proper point of the city, flexible plans (due to the modular structure) etc. have a great ability to transform into various functions, specially public and urban services. One of the most important values that can be imagined for industrial heritage, is architectural identity of the region. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the effect of this types of structures through survey survey.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of the industrial heritage on architectural identity in historic cities. The case study was selected by purpose - Dezful & “The MAKINEH of Flour” of Dezful, which now has become the mainstream of bazaar. The variable which is used in order to define local identity, is using this element in address, which the residents giving to someone else to mention the accurate location of specific place, near the “MAKINEH”. The statistical population are selected from among people who lives in eastern sahrabedar mahallah. The results of the paper shows that the industrial heritage has the value of architectural and urban identity in local level. The results indicate significance of comprehensive approach toward reunderstanding and redevelopment of contemporary buildings and industrial heritage sites.

We are... So, to reframe the inquiry: who are we on a metaphysical level? Which aspects of ourselves are the most universally representative of who we are? How do we fare in the face of the passage of time? For decades, philosophers have debated the concept of diachronic personal identity, which focuses on the question of what keeps us alive. An intricate debate has developed between those who hold the body view (animalism) and those who hold the psychological view (memory) on the question of who we are. The two groups will eventually become so firmly set in their views that they will be unable to compromise. Hylomorphic animalism, or the view that humans are rational animals, living bodies made of prime matter and a rational soul, is an alternative answer to this divisive question that I propose in this study, following in the footsteps of Aristotle and Aquinas. We only survive if matter and rational souls do.

It’ s vital to recognize the industrial heritage as a part of the urban design process and the conservation of architectural heritage. This is not just about indicative factories, but include all the structures and elements that somehow relate to industrial activities. A place is a part of a culture that, over time has given certain meanings to that space. It is undeniable that, in the overall structure of the city, the conservation of industrial heritage is one of the most important aspects of preserving the cultural identity of that city, which can enhance the cultural identity of the community. Adaptive reuse is the most common and sustainable strategy for preserving and developing the industrial heritage, providing the platform for conservation of urban identity and enhancing a sense of place. This study investigates related documents and theories to the use of logical reasoning strategy and content analysis and analyze Tabriz Salambur Factory and Igualada Factory in Spain as case studies in comparative method. The findings of this study show that reusing of Igualada not only protecting the industrial value of construction but also keeping its heritage. Something that not accrued for Salambur factory as a result of not paying attention to inherit value of construction and adapt proper usage. Moreover, it causes fading out the role of this construction in the way of continuous urban heritage. Keywords Industrial Heritage; Adaptive Reuse; Urban Identity; Salambur Factory; Igualada

Today, the brand creation or branding, which is the so-called industrial identification, is one of the most common industrial terms under various researching. This word is associated with the creation of an emotional bond with stakeholders. Brand is defined as a name, term, sign, symbol or design, or a combination of them, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competitors. This concept has been changed significantly throughout the history under the light of industrial paradigms like most of definition related to the industry. At the beginning of 20th century, it was limited to create a uniform visual identity for a corporation, whereas in the new millennium it tries to create a culture for stakeholders of companies. Researchers believe that a brand can best be described as the sum of all human experiences, perceptions and feelings about a particular thing, product or organization. Brands exist in the consciousness of individuals and of the public. Based on the subject-analysis method, two principal branding evolutions (paradigms) are introduced making use of study its evolutional process during the last century. Each of these paradigms creates specific features of a brand. Tangible features of a brand are the remnants of modernism era, and the intangible features are chiefly proposed in the context of post-modernism. Based on this attitude, in the time of modernism the duty of brand managers was to design for a culture; reversely this duty has been transformed during the post-modern period to indicate the designing of a culture. While modernist approach dealt with image making the post-modernist tendency is derived toward the creation of an identity for the corporations. In collaboration with the emergence of each new paradigm in the field of brand designing, there are relevantly novel roles introduced for those who are involved with brands in any conduct. Designers, among others, have an exclusively significant role in this regard, for whom certain roles of manipulation are presently assumable; designing corporate visual identity, communication design, service design and culture design. These four topics are namely the areas of touch in the present article, in regard with which a clear perspective of the new disciplines' birth related to brands, and subsequently the designers' role in branding is set forward. The Iranian artistic and industrial communities have less attended this subject due to the less applied studies in this filed in Iran. In the third millennium, the responsibility and role of designers in the brand designing are well much more extensive and different which is demonstrated in this research and a suitable and scientific solution is represented for branding in Iran. By making use of investigating the history of branding in the Iranian traditional society, a novelty model of branding, which is the so-called diligent pattern, based on Islamic as well as Iranian culture is presented. This sample changes the concept of branding borrowed from the western culture to the sustainable value obtained from the native culture.

A B S T R A C T Tourism as a socio-economic activity plays an essential role in the economic, social, physical, and cultural dimensions of rural settlements in developing countries, which can have significant impacts on rural physical identity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of tourism on the identity changes of rural settlements in Oraman area of Sarvabad Township in Kurdistan province. Therefore, the present study questions 1. What is the relationship between tourism development and rural identity changes in the study area? What are the most critical factors influencing the physical development of rural settlements? He answers. The present study is a descriptive-analytical based on data collection using a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of 7 villages located in the Dezli-Hajij communication axis in Oraman District based on population and housing census data of 1395 with 1572 households and 306 households were selected using Cochran formula. One-sample t-test and factor analysis were used for data analysis. The findings of the study showed that tourism development in the sample villages in terms of continuity over time such as housing construction quality (3/67), sanitation (3/39) and land-use changes (3/78) and unity and plurality such as Design and style of housing architecture (3/01) and public transit architecture (3/23) and then differentiation and homogeneity such as proportionality with rural life (3/58) and rurality or location (3/43) have a positive impact on the physical dimensions of rural settlements in the region. The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that tourism development plays a vital role in the development of rural physical identity in the region. So that the proportion of rural life with a specific amount of 13/6 and 27% of the total variance had the most influence among the factors Extended Abstract Introduction  As an important socio-economic activity in local and regional development, tourism has a high potential for political, social, and economic changes in communities. Scholars widely regard it as the engine of development. Today, rural areas in developing countries face various economic, social, and environmental challenges. Planners need to pay more attention to complementary sectors of agricultural activities such as the development of handicrafts, food industries, and tourism because agriculture is now retreating from its hegemonic position in some rural areas. Therefore, tourism as one of the essential approaches to rural development has multiple effects on the socio-economic dimensions of rural areas. Tourism can play a vital role in shaping spaces, reconfiguring and rebuilding processes, creating new socio-economic opportunities in less-developed rural areas,  and leads to changes in the physical dimensions and physical identity of the villages.   Methodology This study aims to investigate the role of tourism development in the physical identity of  rural settlements located in the Dezley-Hajij road axis in Oraman County (Sarvabad Township- Kurdistan province) in western Iran. This applied study methodology of research was based on analytical– descriptive methods using questionnaires. After the survey of theoretical bases, the questionnaire was set using a Likert spectrum and distributed randomly among the sample. The statistical population of this study consisted of 1572 households residing in the villages of Daraki (Dezli County), Veisiyan and Kamaleh (Oraman County), Belbar, Jivar, Celin, and Novin (Shalyar County), with a sample of 306 was selected by Cochran formula. A questionnaire was further validated by an academic panel of experts in the field of research. Cronbach's alpha determined its reliability, which was up to 0.890 for measured indexes. The data were analyzed by One sample T-test and Factor   analysis tests in the SPSS software package.    Results and discussion To investigate the role of tourism activities in the physical identity change of rural settlements, the research indices in terms of three components of time continuity (quality of constructions, health, and environmental cleanliness and land-use transformations), unity/multiplicity (Landscape of free passages and the type of architectural style), and differentiation/similarity (proportional to rural life and Compliance with the physical environment) were classified. The results of the one-sample t-test showed that assuming numerical utility (3 mean spectra), the components of continuity in time, variance, multiplicity, and differentiation and similarity with numerical mean values (3.62), (3.35), and (3.27), respectively. The effect of tourism development is affected, and the difference is positive and means between upper and lower boundaries. There is a significant difference at the 95% level between the components. Evaluation of the importance of tourism in the physical development of rural settlements from the viewpoint of the respondents using factor analysis statistical test showed that the relevant data according to the KMO coefficient (0.812) is appropriate, and the Bartlett's test is 99% significant. Therefore, 50 variables extracted from the questionnaire were classified into six main factors, namely rural planning and architecture, beautification and environmental hygiene, privacy and road improvement, rural livelihoods, cultural regeneration, and physical security.   Conclusion Findings based on the utility analysis of indicators indicate the positive impact of tourism development on the development of physical identity changes in rural settlements in the study area. Thus, the development of tourism in the villages under study has been able to positively influence the three dimensions of identity, such as continuity in time, unity and plurality, and differentiation and similarity. Therefore, it can be concluded that tourism development due to its social and economic impacts on the villages has also led to changes in rural physical identity. Moreover, hygiene and cleanliness of the rural environment were observed with a numerical mean (3.81) and (3.67), respectively, both of which are indices in the continuity component over time. The results of the data analysis using factor analysis showed that the studied variables had 6% of the total variance in 5% of total variance. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that tourism development in two factors in terms of continuity in time has the most impact on the physical identity of rural settlements at 41%. Thus, planning and architecture of rural housing with 27% of the total variance and beautification and sanitation of the physical environment with 14% of the total variance have a significant impact on the physical changes and, consequently, the physical identity of the rural settlements. Based on the research findings, the following suggestions can be considered: Strengthening local institutions, such as the Islamic Council and the local managers, in order to promote the use of local patterns in the construction of new instruments to conform to the physical structure and function of the villages in the region; Management of land use changes on the edge of the village in order to prevent unnecessary physical changes in the way of preservation and environmental beauty; Prevent the accumulation of pesticides in public passages due to tourism in the area; Improving public beauties and beautifying them using the social and cultural elements of the region.   Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution The authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.   Conflict of Interest The Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments The authors appreciate to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

The Advantages of industrial agglomeration that initially limited to economies of scale, have gradually improved to cover support services, competitiveness and efforts of firms in some industrial cluster for cooperation. On the other hand, industrial agglomeration balances regional distribution of employment and production. This paper examines these benefits and analyses the important of industrial agglomeration in development planning and creating consistency for industries, with in the context of the golobal competition.

The concept of identity in the formation and evolution of management approaches to the brand has always been variable, from prescriptive identity-based approaches to more contemporary approaches such as relational approaches to brand management in which the concept of brand identity is formed during the brand lasting communication, its audiences and their life experiences. The present study seeks to find the answers of the questions related to the brand-consumer relationship; what independent and hidden variables affect the brand authentication by the consumer in the memorable lived experience of the brand and thus the sense of belonging to it? And under what relations do these variables achieve this important? It was done in two steps. In the first step, to achieve the formation nature of the identity concept in the brand-consumer relationship and extract the themes, categories and relationships between them and achieve a conceptual model in this field, the method of interpretive phenomenology and semi-structured interviews with 12 participants were used and in the second step, in order to generalize the results and analyze them, the extracted data provided to 483 participants in the form of a questionnaire and were surveyed. The data analyzed by SPSS and Amos, during which, by approving the structural model of the research, it was concluded that the formation of the identity concept in the lived experience of brand audiences and in the consumer-brand relationship are dependent upon at least 5 themes and 15 related categories. Therefore, it is suggested that brand managers, brand designers, marketers and other experts in these fields, look at the results of this research to create sustainable and identity-oriented brands, as a tool to get rid of the one-dimensional and prescriptive perspective to identity.

Although one of the main reasons of brand equity importance is its strategic role to provide competitive advantage in the companies, the previous studies have paid little attention to effective internal organizational factors on brand equity. Some of these factors are variables of social responsibility and corporate identity. Social responsibility in recent decade has become a dominant paradigm of managing companies. Moreover, studies have shown that identification of individuals with organization has a great impact on performance as well as achieving the goals of organization. Accordingly, in order to to achieve research purpose, through literature review of available researches, and according findings of previous researchers', a structural model has been developed to investigate the impact of social responsibility and corporate identity on brand equity. Research statistical population consists of experts of Pars Khazar Industrial Company and its customers. For data collection, a field study has been performed on a sample consisting of 80 employees and 392 customers. Research hypotheses have been tested by using correlation coefficient and structural equations modeling through PLS method.Research findings show that the variable of social responsibility, directly and through affecting corporate identity will affect brand equity, and companies, to improve their brand equity, should try to create a cohesive corporate identity, in addition to being committed to their social responsibilities.